hp graphite electrode suppliers
Calculation method of hp graphite electrode consumption in electric arc furnace
The hp graphite electrode is the last part of the electric arc furnace short-circuit power supply network. Through the end of the hp graphite electrode, a strong electric arc is generated to melt the charge and heat the molten steel. In other words, the electrode is the central hub that converts electrical energy into thermal energy. When the electrode is working, it will be impacted by high temperature, furnace gas oxidation and collapsed material.
In particular, the resistance and conductivity of the two electrodes are higher than those of other places, and they are easy to trip, oxidize, fall off and break, resulting in large electrode consumption, prolonging the smelting time and reducing productivity.
In 1982, Bowman divided the normal electrode consumption into front-end consumption and side-side consumption. The calculation formula is as follows:
Normal consumption of electrodes: CE=Cγ+CS
Front-end consumption: Cγ=Vγ·tontap/W, Vγ=kγ·I2/dNγ
In the formula: tontap——the power supply time of the electric furnace, h;
W——Electric furnace tapping weight, t;
Vγ- electrode front end consumption speed, kg/h;
Kγ-front end consumption constant (Bowman gives Kγ=0.0361, and N for AC arc furnace is usually 0.58);
I——the arc current intensity, Ka;
Dγ-The diameter of the tip of the electrode, M.
Edge consumption: CS=vs.ttop top/W, vs=3ks.s
Where: ttop—smelting cycle of electric furnace top, h;
W——Electric furnace tapping weight, t;
Vs——Consumption rate at the electrode side, kg/h;
KS——oxidation consumption, kg/(M2·h);
S——The oxidation surface area of the electrode furnace, M2.
At present, in the production process, the Bowman electrode consumption model has been widely recognized. Once the smelting process is stable, the current supply has the greatest impact on the electrode unit consumption. According to the Bowman model, the 60t electric arc furnace current has the greatest influence on electrode consumption and melting time, as shown in Table 1.
Generally speaking, the calculation of electrode consumption in the smelting process has two concepts: net consumption and total consumption. Net consumption refers to the consumption of electrode technology consumed by high-temperature sublimation, oxidation and reaction; total consumption refers to the sum of the net consumption and loss of electrodes caused by incomplete smelting, that is, the consumption model of hp graphite electrode mentioned above is only technical consumption, namely:, It is classified as net consumption. Gao Zhanbiao and others believe that the current steel industry mainly uses the following two methods to calculate the consumption of hp graphite electrode.
(1) Yield method
The production method is based on the amount of molten steel (finished product) produced in a certain period of time, and the consumption of hp graphite electrode minus the remaining amount on the furnace during the same period is used as the consumption.
Total consumption of hp graphite electrode per ton of steel
MM=MZ/MG
Net consumption of hp graphite electrode per ton of steel:
MJ=MC/MG
In the formula: MZ——total consumption of electrodes (input——residual amount on the furnace), kg/T;
MC-pure electrode consumption (input-residual in the furnace-loss), kg/T;
Mg——the amount of molten steel, t.
(2) Electricity consumption method.
The electricity consumption method is based on the cumulative electricity consumption of pure heating time in a certain period of time. The electricity consumption is based on the input amount of hp graphite electrode in the same period minus the remaining amount on the furnace (LF furnace is based on the power consumption and the number of electrodes per 1℃ temperature rise. calculate).
Electrode consumption per kilowatt hour:
MX=1000×MC/QH
In the formula: MC-pure electrode consumption (input-residual in the furnace-loss), kg/T;
QH—Measurement of cumulative power consumption during pure heating time, kW·H.
At present, when calculating the electrode loss, iron and steel companies generally include the loss caused by incomplete smelting in the calculation, which can more fully reflect the center of gravity and the focus of loss in the electric arc furnace steelmaking production process, so as to find out the process parameters. Deficiencies and solve them.
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